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Pangolin officially removed from TCM list
Published on: 2020-06-11
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TCM 01

The latest version of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia for 2020 does not include pangolins, which means the mammals will no longer be used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).

The move came after China upgraded all species of pangolin from second-class to first-class protected animals on Friday considering their rapidly decreasing numbers due to over-hunting and habitat destruction.

TCM 02Pangolins are believed to be one of the world's most endangered animals and the world's most illegally trafficked mammal, according to TRAFFIC, an international wildlife trade research organization.

Pangolins are not the first animals whose medicinal standards have been outlawed. Rhinoceros horns and tiger bones are also banned from being used in TCMs after China banned the trade of these goods and related products in 1993.

穿山甲不再入药

在最新出版的2020版《中国药典》(一部)中,穿山甲、马兜铃、天仙藤、黄连差距肝丸等四个品种未被继续收载。穿山甲的鳞片在我国古代可以做中药材,使其成了不法分子牟利的工具。而现代西医表示,穿山甲的鳞片只是角质化的皮肤附属物而已,它的成分和人类的指甲毛发没有本质区别。

李时珍曾在其中医著作《本草纲目》中记载:“穿山甲、王不留,妇人服之乳长流。”在中医理论中,穿山甲的鳞片功能之一便是用来给哺乳期的女性丰富乳汁,然而现代医学理论证明,穿山甲鳞片不过是富含角蛋白,与人类指甲、猪蹄甲的成分相似,其功效并没有那么神奇。

中医赋予穿山甲的神奇功效,使得这一动物长期以来遭到大范围捕猎,以致国内穿山甲数量急剧下降,而为了填补中药市场的货源,甚至有人从国外走私穿山甲,取其鳞片用来制药。一方面,这造成了世界范围内穿山甲物种的灾难,有数据显示,自上世纪70年代至今,国内穿山甲种群数量已经下降了90%,距离灭绝只有一步之遥,同时,猖獗的走私导致全球穿山甲种群也已受到严重威胁,如菲律宾、马来穿山甲已被列为极危物种。

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