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China can explore feasibility of egg freezing for single women at appropriate time
Published on: 2024-02-28
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A member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) has suggested exploring the feasibility of egg freezing for single women in China to further promote a fertility-friendly society, as more and more political advisors consider measures to support childbearing women.
 

The development of China's population is facing profound and complex changes. Negative population growth is leading to a low birth rate and an aging population, which is the most significant risk affecting the balanced development of the population in China, Zhao Changlong, a member of the CPPCC, the country's top political consultative body, told the Global Times. In order to encourage childbirth, it is necessary to improve the supporting policies for childbirth and create a fertility-friendly social environment, with a crucial aspect being healthcare services, he said.
 

Zhao said that the current childbirth insurance system is not adapted to the economic and social development of China and the country's macro population policies, resulting in different social groups receiving inconsistent childbirth benefits, a problem that may worsen in the future.
 

Furthermore, China's development of assisted reproductive technology lags behind, leading to a supply-demand imbalance and high prices, he said. In recent years, the demand for assisted reproductive services has been continuously increasing, but the supply cannot meet the demand. Driven by huge profits, various non-public assisted reproductive institutions have grown rapidly, with varying service levels and uneven development between different regions.
 

Additionally, the supply of painless childbirth services is far from meeting the demand, and in most areas of the country, they have not been included in medical insurance. The rate of painless childbirth in China has increased from less than 10 percent in 2018 to the current 30 percent, but there is still a significant gap from the 80 percent rate in developed countries.
 

At the same time, the demand for egg freezing technology among single women is increasing, but the related issues of technology, law and ethics have not been resolved, he told the Global Times.
 

建议适时开展单身女性社会性冻卵的可行性探索

2024年全国两会即将到来之际,全国政协委员、民进天津市委会专职副主委赵长龙拟提交《关于提升医疗卫生服务和保障水平,构建生育友好型社会的提案》。

赵长龙表示,我国人口发展面临着深刻而复杂的形势变化,人口负增长下“少子老龄化”将成为常态,低生育率成为影响我国人口均衡发展的最主要风险。为了鼓励生育,需要完善生育配套政策,构筑生育友好的社会环境,其中重要一环就是医疗卫生服务和保障工作。

赵长龙提到,目前存在的问题仍不容忽视。首先,现行生育保险制度与我国经济社会发展及国家宏观人口政策存在不适应。我国现行的职工生育保险制度只能覆盖具有正式劳动关系的部分劳动者,而且因新农合和城镇居民医疗保险的非强制性、可选择性,以及待遇远不及职工生育保险,从而造成社会群体在生育保障上的不一致。尤其是在当前及可预见的未来,灵活就业人员成为中国就业市场的重要组成部分,这种群体间生育待遇不一致、保障差异问题将愈加明显和加剧。

其次,辅助生育技术发展滞后,供不应求,价格昂贵。近年来辅助生殖服务需求持续攀升,供给不能满足需求。在巨大利益的驱动下,各种非公辅助生殖机构快速生长,服务水平良莠不齐,不同地域间的发展也很不均衡。

然后,无痛分娩服务供给远不能满足需求,且全国大部分地区未能纳入医保。我国无痛分娩普及率从2018年的不足10%提高至目前的30%,但离发达国家80%的无痛分娩率仍有较大差距。由于分娩镇痛服务对产科和麻醉科诊疗能力要求更高,目前只有大城市三级医院开展比较普遍。麻醉医师和助产士人员短缺、收费标准差异等因素阻碍了分娩镇痛的进一步推广。
最后,单身女性对冻卵技术诉求增多,但所涉技术、法律、伦理等问题仍未很好解决。随着婚育观念、生育与婚姻关系的认识变化,一些单身女性将冻存卵母细胞作为延迟生育,保护生育力,实现生育权利的路径,但实现起来需要探索的还有很多。

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